While "zero income" households are rare on Low-Income Housing Tax Credit properties (since there is no rental assistance, income is required in order to pay the rent), such households are not uncommon on Section 8 properties or developments with Rural Development rental assistance. There are a number of reasons why household members - or even entire households - may falsely claim zero income. Examples include
One member may claim no income in order to income qualify for the unit; or
An entire Section 8 household may claim no income in order to pay no rent.
While residents may sign zero income affidavits, owners may not rely on such statements if a reasonable person would conclude that the household’s income is higher that what is being represented.
When a statement of zero income is not credible, a detailed interview should be conducted. Elements of the interview should include:
Work History: ask about any jobs held in the past. Check credit reports for prior employers. If there is a work history -
Why are they not now working?
Are they seeking employment?
If there is no work history, how have expenses been met in the past year?
Sources of Income: Ask about income from all sources, including
Workman’s Compensation;
Unemployment;
Inheritance; and
Trust Funds
Method of Paying for Living Expenses: how does the household pay for
Groceries
Clothing
Rent
Toiletries
Utilities
Laundry
Phone
Transportation
Cleaning Supplies
Money Accounts: Ask for documentation of bank accounts. If bank statements are obtained, look at deposits and withdrawals.
Where did the money come from?
Loan Information: if an applicant states that deposits are a loan (or repayment of a loan), ask to see loan documents.
Who is making (or repaying) the loan?
If the applicant claims to be the recipient of a loan, how will they repay it?
Roommate History: ask about past roommates. If a roommate covered some of the expenses, will that roommate be moving in? If not, how will the expenses be paid?
Truly zero income households are virtually non-existent. This is because a household with absolutely no income would not be able to survive. However, it is possible to have a zero-income certification on a rent-assisted property. In these cases, management must ensure that a "survival statement" is obtained on which the applicant/tenant demonstrates how the costs associated with daily living will be met. And, for Section 8 and Rural Development properties with zero income certifications, a re-interview of the household every 90-days in order to ascertain potential income is strongly recommended.